Toolbox: Transformative vs punitive approaches to conflict

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Season 2 episode 5 of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we talk about some frameworks of justice, and reflect on them in relation to conflict.

‘Whose responsibility is the conflict? Is it the responsibility of the people within the conflict…or is it the responsibility of the whole group? Because they are nodes within a network of a group – they are in conflict, so the group is in conflict’

Show notes, links

An explainer for the different approaches to justice that we use to reflect on conflict in this episode:

Transformative: uses a frame of transforming systems; a strategy of prevention and accountability; and a purpose of undoing structural power // Restorative: uses a frame of resolution; a strategy of prevention and reparation; and a purpose of community cohesion. // Punitive: uses a frame of rule breaking; a strategy of retribution and incapacitation; and a purpose of punishment.

Note: these words are used in many different ways. Some use restorative justice (RJ) and transformative justice (TJ) interchangeably; some see RJ as between TJ and punitive systems; some see RJ as focusing on individuals and TJ as situating individuals in structures etc. Words are multivalent – don’t get too bogged down on “the right definition”.

A quick summary of the episode:

  • People choose the tactics they use to respond to conflict in service of a broader aim.
  • These different approaches all come up when thinking about what tactics to choose to respond to conflict. People may respond because they want to disappear a problem through punishment, or because they want to bring cohesion back to a group.
  • So it’s useful to have some shared language to discuss in your groups the different tactics you use. What are your rituals around conflict in service of?
  • Deeper responses to conflict should look at the people in your group, the relationships between people, and what need to change in the wider structures.
  • Conflict can be one of the most visible instances of structural power in a space. Working with conflict in a group can be a path to address how those structural powers impact the group and the relationships within it, in a way that could help shift or transform things.

Some useful links:

Punitive frameworks: rely on punishment to maintain order; coercive; do not seek consent; do not increase self-control; do not foster reflection, growth, or change in behaviour; harmful to mental, emotional and social development. Restorative frameworks: seek to restore things to the way they were before harm was done; aims to mitigate the impact of our actions; something that happens with the person who caused harm, rather than to them; all parties must consent; does not resolve underlying cause of the actions. Transformative frameworks: seek to transform our situations in response to harm; aim to understand and address the underling issues, struggles, and power imbalance; consent-based; rely on a culture that is flexible, responsive, and has a strong set of values and community agreements.

Perennial resources:

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Practical migrant solidarity (Savan from No Evictions Network)

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Season 2 episode 4 of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we interview Savan from the No Evictions Network.

“Evictions, arresting people, kidnapping them – it has a long history… undermining human rights, disrespecting human beings”
– Savan

Show notes, links

No Evictions Twitter, Instagram and Facebook.

A few extra links:

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Toolbox: Unhelpful frames about conflict

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Season 2 episode 3 of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we talk about some unhelpful frames* that come up when we think about conflict.

‘Conflict may not be the choice of how you’d choose to improve relationships, but given the conflict will happen… play the hand you’re dealt’

‘We need to be in it with each other, which makes the conflict worth it’

* We give examples of different “frames” in this episode, but don’t define the term “frame” (for shame!). To plug that gap:

A frame is a lens you look through to see the world. When looking at conflict through the frame of essentialism, you will see people who do bad things as inherently bad people. Frames will always highlight some things (‘they did something I didn’t like, so they must be a bad person’) and hide others (e.g. questioning what could have led them to act the way they did).

No frame is an accurate summary of the world. To adapt a phrase we’ve alluded to before, “all frames are wrong but some are useful”. A few other ways of thinking about it:

  • “mental structures that shape the way we see the world” (George Lakoff)
  • “The frame around a painting or photo can be thought of as a boundary between what has been left in and what has been left out. Each of the elements placed inside the frame is significant, and makes a difference to the meaning of the piece.” (Common Cause)

Show notes, links

A very condensed summary of what we talked about:

  • How we think and feel about conflict is shaped by our histories, our society, our traditions
  • People often don’t consciously know what these ‘norms’ around conflict are, though they can affect how we act, how we approach conflict — and as they sometimes make us act out of line with our values

Conflict as essentialist (e.g. Did a bad thing => is a bad person). Alternative = People are not just their worst mistakes; anyone can do bad things // Conflict as zero-sum (e.g. You win => I lose). Alternative = Conflict can be productive or unproductive for everyone, depending on how it’s handled // Conflict as a distraction (e.g. “Deal with it after the revolution”). Alternative = Conflict is part of how humans interact -- so navigating it needs to be part of how our groups run.

And the zine that was mentioned was “You can’t blow up a social relationship”.

Perennial resources:

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Join a grassroots union! (Henry from IWGB)

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Season 2 episode 2 of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we interview Henry Chango Lopez from the Independent Workers’ union of Great Britain.

“In our union, the cleaner gets the same as the general secretary, in terms of being paid an hour…We pay £3 more than the London Living Wage, for instance, and the cleaner is paid the same”
– Henry

Show notes, links

IWGB website, Twitter and Instagram.

A few extra links:

  • A podcast from Pluto Press where Henry is interviewed alongside two authors on labour, Eve Livingston and Jane Hardy
  • Solidarity Squad — a new scheme from IWGB where friends and allies can provide material support for IWGB branches
  • List of IWGB branches: Charity Workers, Cleaners and Facilities, Couriers and Logistics, Cycling instructors, Foster care workers, Game workers, Nannies and au pairs, Security and receptionists, United private hire drivers, Universities of London, Yoga teachers. And there’s a general members branch if none of these apply to you!

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Toolbox: Understanding conflict

We now have a Patreon! Please help keep the podcast going, at patreon.com/resistrenew. If not, there’s always the classic ways to support: like, share, and subscribe!

Season 2 episode 1 of the Resist + Renew podcast (we’re back!). In this one, we go over what we think conflict is, why we’re focusing on it, and some ways to understand it.

‘Conflict is both the spark, the fight, the loud things, the incidents which you notice above the water, but it’s also the things that have been going on under the water’

Show notes, links

Our sister facilitation collective Navigate have a conflict facilitation booklet (from back when they were called Seeds For Change Oxford).

As we only briefly touched on the idea of “cancel culture”, check out this longer ep from You’re Wrong About getting into more depth.

See our “What is facilitation?” podcast episode page for more general facilitation resources.

And finally, a visual representation of different types of conflict (designed for a therapy context, but still relevant)

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Season 2 is coming…

Episode 15 of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we bring a little teaser for season 2.

This season, we have a Patreon (patreon.com/ResistRenew) if you want to help support us in our podcasting and wider facilitation work. If not, there’s always the classic ways to support: like, share, and subscribe!

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Living healing justice (Farzana from Healing Justice Ldn)

This is the final episode of season 1! We can only do a season 2 / iterate and improve this with your feedback: so please, let us know how you’ve found this season using our super-quick feedback form.

Episode 14 of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we interview Farzana from Healing Justice Ldn.

“And at some point, it stops being about recovering yourself, and it becomes about uncovering who you’ve always been, and it’s the uncovering, and then expansion that is super, super delicious.”
– Farzana

Show notes, links

Healing Justice London website, Twitter and Instagram.

And a few things mentioned in the episode:

  • Loss and Grief: a litany for survival (a research project on loss and bereavement within marginalised communities)
  • Voices That Shake: Bringing together young people, artists & campaigners to develop creative responses to social injustice
  • INCITE: a network of radical feminists of color organizing to end state violence and violence in our homes and communities
  • Lumos Transforms
  • Molly Boeder Harris from Breathe Network (a network that connects survivors of sexual violence with healing arts practitioners for trauma-informed, holistic support)

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Toolbox: Temperature checks

We are nearing the end of season 1, so please, let us know how you’ve found this season using our super-quick feedback form.

Episode 13* of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we feel the heat of temperature checks: what they bring, issues and benefits.

(* the observant amongst you will spot that this episode was meant to be number 14: we did some last-minute rearranging of the season. Please bear with us!)

‘A temperature check can visiblise polarisation in the room’ – Ali

Show notes, links

The perenially-useful Seeds for Change have a description of temperature checks on their tools page.

Ali also mentioned the work that Navigate do around convergent facilitation.

See our “What is facilitation?” podcast episode page for more general facilitation resources.

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Toolbox: Spectrum lines

Episode 12 of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we lay down some spectrum lines: what they bring, issues and benefits.

‘What’s really valuable about them is their way of drawing out and making visible polarity’ – Sami

Show notes, links

Spectrum line: a line from "Agree" to "Disagree" for people to stand on. Participants stand according to their stance / opinion on the subject.

The perenially-useful Seeds for Change have a description of spectrum lines on their tools page.

Training For Change have a video 10 Ways to Use A Spectogram Online. (“spectrogram” is another term for “spectrum line”), which includes a how-to guide for making your own spectrum line slides in Google Slides.

See our “What is facilitation?” podcast episode page for more general facilitation resources.

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Decolonising local organising (Rabab from Gentle/Radical)

Episode 11 of the Resist + Renew podcast, where we interview Rabab from Gentle/Radical.

We couldn’t pick one pull quote, so here are two!

“Conversation and dialogue is probably the bedrock of how I understand the work, how I understand organising, how I understand cultural work”
– Rabab

and

“Cultural praxis, for me, has to embody our principles that we must do more than just talk about stuff and make it look good and sound good”
– Rabab

Show notes, links

Gentle/Radical website, Twitter and Instagram. The project mentioned towards the end of the episode was Doorstep Revolution.

And a few things mentioned in the episode:

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